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The Danes begin their ravages in England,
Alfred the Great, after subduing the Danish invaders, founds the

867

university of Oxford, about

896

The university of Cambridge founded,

915

Paper made of cotton rags was in use, 1000; that of linen,

1170

Leo IX. the first pope that kept up an army,.

1054

The Turks take Jerusalem from the Saracens,

1065

Musical notes invented,

1070

Glass windows began to be used in houses in England,

1180

Pope Alexander III. compelled the kings of England and France

to hold the stirrups of his saddle when he mounted his horse, 1181 The battle of Ascalon, in Judæa, in which Richard, king of England, defeats Saladin's army, consisting of 300,000 men,

1192

Chimneys were not known in England,

1200

Magna Charta is signed by king John and the barons of England, 1215
The Tartars, a new race of heroes, under Gingis-Khan, emerge
from the northern parts of Asia, and overrun all the Saracen
empire,

The houses of London, and other cities in England, France and
Germany still thatched with straw,

The mariner's compass invented, or improved, by Gioia,
Gunpowder and guns first invented by Swarts, a monk of Co-
logn, 1340; Edward III. had four pieces of cannon, which con-
tributed to gain him the battle of Cressy, 1346; bombs and
mortars were invented the same year.

1227

1233

1302

John Wickliffe, an Englishman, begins to oppose the errors of the church of Rome with great acuteness and spirit.-His followers are called Lollards,

1362

The Vatican Library founded at Rome,
Constantinople taken by the Turks, which ends the eastern em-
pire, 1123 years from its erection by Constantine the Great,
and 2206 years from the foundation of Rome,

1446

1453

America first discovered by Columbus, a Genoese, in the service

of Spain;

1492

Martin Luther began the Reformation,

1517

Pins first used in England, (before which time the ladies used

skewers,)

1561

*First law in England, establishing interest at ten per cent.

1546

The great massacre of Protestants at Paris,

1572

Mary queen of Scots is beheaded by order of Elizabeth,

1587

*The Spanish Armada destroyed by the English,

1588

Watches first brought into England from Germany,

1597

The massacre of 40,000 English Protestants, in Ireland,
Charles I. (aged 49) beheaded at Whitehall, January 30,

1640

1649

Cromwell assumes the protectorship,

1654

The Plague rages in London, and carries off 68,000 persons
The great fire of London, which destroyed 13,000 houses,

1665

1666

Tea first used in England,

1666

The habeas corpus act passed,

1678

A comet appeared so near our earth as to alarm the inhabitants, 1680

Bayonets first used by the French in the battle of Turin,

1693

Russia, formerly a dukedom, is established as an empire,

1727

Fouli Khan usurps the Persian throne,

1732

Ccorge Washington born February 22,

1732

Westminster bridge, which cost 389,000/. finished
146 Englishmen are confined in the black hole at Calcutta, East-

1750

Indies, by the Nabob, and 123 found dead next morning,

1756

General Wolfe is killed in taking Quebec from the French,

1759

First Congress of the American colonies, at Philadelphia, Sept. 5, 1773

First Petition of Congress to the King, November,

1773

Battle of Lexington, April 19,

1775

George Washington appointed General and Comınander in Chief

of the American Armies, June 15,

1775

Battle at Bunker's Hill, June 17,

1775

Declaration of Independence by the colonies, July 4,

1776

General Burgoyne surrendered October 17,

1777

Earl Cornwallis surrendered at York-town, Vir. October 19,
Admiral Rodney gains a victory over the French fleet, April 12, 1782
American colonies are acknowledged by his Britannic majesty,

1781

free, sovereign, and independent states, Nov. 30, Washington proclaimed first President of the U. S. A. April 30, 1789 Revolution in France-capture of the Bastile, July 14,

1782

1789

The French declare war against England and Holland, Feb. 1, 1792 Louis XVIth of France, beheaded, same year.

The glorious victory of the Nile, achieved by Nelson, Aug. 1, 1798

General George Washington died, December 14, aged 68,
Treaty of Peace between Germany and France, Feb. 9,

1799

1801

War commenced between France and Great Britain, July,

1803

Unexampled tempest, began September 1,

1804

Bonaparte crowned emperor by his holiness the Pope,

1804

Great victory over the French fieet by Nelson, October 21,

1805

Surrender of the Danish fleet to Lord Nelson,

1807

Attack upon U. S. frigate Chesapeak-same year.

War declared by U. S. against Great Britain,

1812

Surrender of General Hull's army-capture of the Guerriere

Macedonian and Java-Battle of Queenston, same year.
Loss of the Chesapeak-Capture of the British fleet on Lake
Erie-Burning of Moscow-Destruction of the French army

in Russia,

1813

Paris surrenders to the allies-Bonaparte abdicates and retires
to Elba-Battle of Bridgewater-Washington captured-Sur-
render of the British fleet on Lake Champlain,
Battle of New-Orleans-Peace with Great Britain-return of
Bonaparte to Paris-Battle of Waterloo-Louis XVIIIth re-
stored--Bonaparte sent to St. Helena,

1814

1815

CENSUS OF THE UNITED STATES.

The following abstract exhibits the amount of the white, black, and total population of the Union, at the three last national enumerations, and the total amount in 1790.

Abstract of the population of the Union in 1790, 1800, 1810, and 1820.

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Western states of the }

2,027,250 2,600,248 97,155 2,697,403 3,439,799 119,550 3,559,349 4,300,964 128,191 4,429,155

551 4,681 215 11,501 45,028 337 45,365 228,861 5,577 298 4,875 23,890

50,347

659 51,006 268,870 3,454 272,324 784,709 7,691 792,400

Total Northern States 2,027,250 2,650,295 97,8142,748,409 3,708,669 123,004 3,831,673 5,085,673 135,882 5,221,555

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Abstract, &c. continued.

1790.1

1800.

1810.

Total. Whites.

1820.

Blacks. Total. Whites. Blacks. Total Whites. Blacks. Total.

216,326 125,222 341,548 235,117

145,429 380,546

10,066 4,027 14,093 16,079

747,610

514,280 365,920 880,200

551,534

423,088 974,622

7,944 24,023

260,222 147,128 407,350 22,614

603,074 462,042 1,065,116

10,425

33,039

337,764 140,339 478,103 376,410

179,090 555,500

419,200 219,629 638,829

249,073 196,255 119,336 345,591 214,196

82,548 102,261 60,423 162,684

145,414

200,919 415,115

237,440 265,301 502,741

107,019 252,433

189,566 151,419 340,985

1,792,710 1,876,952 845,267 2,222,219

1,538,750

1,063,489 2,602,239 1,732,116 1,255,944 2,988,060

23,024 34,311

73,677 179,871 41,084 220,955 324,237 35,691 91,709 13,893 105,602 215,875

5,179 3,671 8,850

276,759 58,648 335,407 614,674

Total Southern States 1,902,078 1,653,711 903,915 2,557,626 2,153,424

Northern and Southern3,929,328 4,304,306 1,001 729 5 306,035 5,862,093 Persons not designated in the census returns

Total according to the census returns

82,274 406,511 434,644 129,491 564,135 45,852 261,727 17,328 40,352 42,245 76,556

339,727 82,834 422,561 75,548

42,176 33,372 73,383

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55,988 10,569 66,557

191,317 805,991 1,043,922 379,932 1,423,854 1,254,806 3,408,230 2,776,038 1,635,876 4,411,914 1,377,810 7,239,903 7,861,711 1,771,758 9,633,469

**In consequence of the death of the Marshal, the population of 6 counties in this ate was not returned in season

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States and Territories.

Maryland

Columbia District

319,728

Virginia

North-Carolina

393,751

South-Carolina

Georgia

Atlantic States of the

South

Kentucky

Tennessee

Mississippi

Louisiana

*Alabama

Arkansas

Missouri

Western States of the
South

109,368

It is estimated at

Grand Total

17,098 9,655,097

OF THE

UNITED STATES,

AS PROPOSED BY THE CONVENTION, HELD AT PHILADELPHIA 17TH SEPTEMBER, 1787, AND SINCE RATIFIED BY THE SEVERAL STATES, WITH THE SEVERAL AMENDMENTS THERETO.

WE, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

ARTICLE I.

Sect. 1. ALL legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a senate and house of representatives.

Sect. 2. The house of representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year, by the people of the several states, and the electors in each stateshall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the state legislature.

No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not when elected, be an inhabitant of that state in which he shall be chosen.

Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several states which may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three.. fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every

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