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APPENDIX 17.-QUANTITATIVE INPUT AND OUTPUT RELATIONS IN

1929

The following table was prepared by Wassily W. Leontief as part of his larger study financed by the Harvard University Committee on Research in the Social Sciences. It is here printed with the kind permission of the author and of the Harvard committee, prior to the publication of the work of which it is a part.

A similar table for 1919 was prepared by Dr. Leontief and published in The Review of Economic Statistics for August 1936. A detailed description of the method by which the tables were derived is there presented.

The table constitutes an accounting of the flow of goods from each major segment of the economy to other major segments (and the corresponding flow of money payments from the recipients).

All productive activity is grouped into the segments listed in the table. The value of the product of each segment is allocated to each of the industries estimated to have received the product and, for finished products, to household consumption. Column 44, "undistributed," contains the remainder of the total output of each segment for which no satisfactory basis of allocation has been found. This includes finance, government, and trade, as well as miscellaneous industries not included in the listed classifications. Gross total output is the total output of each segment. Net total output is the gross total less the output allocated within the same segment, e. g., in the case of agriculture, less the part of the output represented by such items as feeds which go to another branch of agriculture. Gross total outlays represent the aggregate value of commodities. and services absorbed by the respective segments on both investment and current cost accounts. The net total outlays represent the gross total outlays minus the amount originating within the segment itself.

Values are stated in terms of the value at the point of production, plus transportation. Transportation costs are charged to the producing industry and are distributed (with few exceptions) on the basis of a fixed proportion of the total price.

Wages and salaries and capital and entrepreneurial services (interest paid, dividends paid, and undistributed profits) are shown for each segment in rows 43a and 43b. Wages and salaries allocated to consumption constitute an estimate of the value of services to the consumer. Wages and salaries that are undistributed include the incomes of persons employed in trade and

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All fertilizers. Bread and bakery prod- Lard, lard substitutes, and other ucts. shortening (cost data, Census of Manufactures).

Slaughter and meat pack- Meats purchased (cost data, Census of ing.

Butter, cheese, etc..

Manufactures);

sausage casings (total produced minus exports); meats used in sausage, etc., industry (estimated on basis of cost of materials, taking into account other known major cost elements); dressed poultry sold within industry for further processing (estimated). Oleo oil and stock (production data, Census of Manufactures).

Other food products. Meats used in manufacture of meat products (such as sliced and packed bacon, dried beef, etc.) in the food preparations (not elsewhere classified) industry (estimated on basis of cost of materials).

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1 Arabic percentages of the net totals of the rows (net total output). These are based on the corresponding actual figures. (Unit=1 percent.) Asterisks indicate percentages of less than 8 of 1 percent. The net total output percentages (column 46) sometimes vary from 100 percent, because for checking purposes they were derived by adding all the percentage figures (arabic) in the corresponding row (excluding the distribution percentage of any industry to itself; e. g., 1 to 1, 2 to 2, etc.).

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4.5

.5

5

3

.9

.3

(*)

.4

.1

(1)

8

1.5

1.7

2.0 1.9

6.9

46.3

20.5
1
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1.5

.8

.4

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1.0 Italics percentages of the net totals of the rows (net total outlays-input). These are based on the corresponding actual figures. (Unit=1 percent.) Asterisks (*) indicate percentages of less than 8 of 1 percent. The net total outlays percentages (row 46) sometimes vary from 100 percent, because for checking purposes they were derived by adding all the percentage figures (italics) in the corresponding column (excluding the distribution percentage of any industry from itself; e. g., to 1 from 1, to 2 from 2, etc.).

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