The purpose of this appendix is to present in one convenient place the data, sources, and description of the methods used in deriving the data supporting certain tables and charts presented in the body of the report. In some cases the materials given in the text required extensive discussion and supporting statistics, and in such cases a separate appendix was written to cover them. In other cases a single reference was sufficient to indicate the source. The cases requiring

more than a reference but not justifying a separate appendix are brought together in this appendix. The order of the materials corresponds to the order in which they are discussed in the text.

1. Estimate of the Amount of Food Stored in New York City

In chapter I an estimate is given of the food supply in the metropolitan area of New York. A conditional estimate of the amount of food stored in New York City may be made for the end of the year 1929 from data published by the Bureau of the Census. The estimate was made as follows: Total sales by retail stores "in the food group" and for the classification "restaurants, cafeterias, and eating places" were added to sales by wholesalers in the same classification to ultimate consumers at regular retail prices. The figures are shown in table I.

TABLE I.-Retail sales of food in New York City for the year 1929 [Millions of dollars]

Source: Fifteenth Census of the United States, wholesale figures from Vol. II, Wholesale Distribution, p. 1007, et. seq.; retail figures from Vol. I, Retail Distribution, part 3, 5. 215, et. seq.

From the same source, estimates of value of stocks on hand were made, value of wholesalers' stocks were marked up 10 percent and added to value of retailers' stocks; this total was then marked up 20 percent in order to get an estimate of the value of stocks in terms of consumers' prices. Computations are shown in table II.

1 Appendix 18 was prepared by Louis J. Paradiso, assisted by Grace W. Knott, Paul A. Fischer, Ezra Glaser and James Arnold; Marion Tolles also assisted in the preliminary research in connection with section 5 on wealth.

228. 4

Total at cost to retailer.

Total stocks.

1

Plus 20-percent mark-up 1.

Total food stocks at prices to consumers.

1 These percentages are rough estimates covering sales of all foods assuming all sales went through food stores rather than restaurants. They are in agreement with the preliminary estimates obtained by the Department of Commerce investigations into average wholesale and retail mark-up in New York City.

Source: Fifteenth Census of the United States, wholesale figures from Vol. II, Whole sale Distribution, p. 1007, et. seq.; retail figures from Vol. I, Retail Distribution, part 3, p. 215, et. seq.

Total sales for the year 1929 were 1,426.9 millions of dollars, and the value of food stocks at prices to consumers held at the end of the year were, roughly, 228.4 millions of dollars. Thus, 16 percent of the year's sales were held in stocks at the date the survey was made. This is equivalent to about 58 days' or approximately 2 months' supply of food on hand.

Approximately the same result was obtained by making use of the findings of a report by the Port of New York Authority called Food Supply of the Port of New York District for the metropolitan district in 1922. The length of time of the supply for the various items of food given in this report varied from meat, of which there was only a week's supply in storage, to eggs, of which there was at most a 3 months' supply. On the average, it was found by a study of the detailed items that a 45 days' supply of food was on hand in the New York metropolitan district in 1922.

The estimate of a 2 months' supply is a conservative one in view of the fact that there is such a great variation in the supply of specific food items. Milk is shipped in daily and fresh eggs and meat at short intervals. Canned goods and packaged fancy groceries on the other hand might be stored in wholesalers' warehouses for long periods. Furthermore, the supply of some specific commodities varies greatly with the season