HabitH. Holt, 1890 - 68 من الصفحات Habit by William James, first published in 1890, is a rare manuscript, the original residing in one of the great libraries of the world. This book is a reproduction of that original, which has been scanned and cleaned by state-of-the-art publishing tools for better readability and enhanced appreciation. Restoration Editors' mission is to bring long out of print manuscripts back to life. Some smudges, annotations or unclear text may still exist, due to permanent damage to the original work. We believe the literary significance of the text justifies offering this reproduction, allowing a new generation to appreciate it. |
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1'Der menschliche 50 cents accus acquired animals attention balls become body brain bundles of habits called centres know cerebrum chain conscious discharge ditions easily the movement Edcl emotions expression feeling functional activity Green grows guiding sensations habit of excessive habitual action Henry Holt Houdin idea ideational centres impulse to keep infinitesimally small amount knitting learned Life's Ideals Longmans maxim mechanical Mental Physiology ments mode modified motor effects move muscles muscular contraction nerve-current nerve-substance nerves nervous system nervous tissue never nutrition occur once one's organ outset outward cause path perception performed period of growth philosophy of habit plasticity play possible practical Principles of Psychology prompted reflex arc reproduction result says secondarily automatic sort Spencer's spinal cord structure success tendency thing thought tion train train of thought traversed tual unwonted line violin volition wave of rearrangement whole WILLIAM JAMES York
مقاطع مشهورة
الصفحة 54 - The great thing, then, in all education, is to make our nervous system our ally instead of our enemy. It is to fund and capitalize our acquisitions, and live at ease upon the interest of the fund. For this we must make automatic and habitual, as early as possible, as many useful actions as we can, and guard against the growing into ways that are likely to be disadvantageous to us, as we should guard against the plague.
الصفحة 65 - Keep the faculty of effort alive in you by a little gratuitous exercise every day. That is, be systematically ascetic or heroic in little unnecessary points, do every day or two something for no other reason than that you would rather not do it, so that when the hour of dire need draws nigh, it may find you not unnerved and untrained to stand the test.
الصفحة 64 - One becomes filled with emotions which habitually pass without prompting to any deed, and so the inertly sentimental condition is kept up. The remedy would be, never to suffer one's self to have an emotion at a concert, without expressing it afterward in some active way. Let the expression be the least thing in the world — speaking genially to one's aunt, or giving up one's seat in a horse-car, if nothing more heroic offers — but let it not fail to take place.
الصفحة 68 - As we become permanent drunkards by so many separate drinks, so we become saints in the moral, and authorities and experts in the practical and scientific spheres, by so many separate acts and hours of work. Let no youth have any anxiety about the upshot of his education, whatever the line of it may be. If he keep faithfully busy each hour of the workingday, he may safely leave the final result to itself.
الصفحة 51 - Habit is thus the enormous fly-wheel of society, its most precious conservative agent. It alone is what keeps us all within the bounds of ordinance, and saves the children of fortune from the envious uprisings of the poor. It alone prevents the hardest and most repulsive walks of life from being deserted by those brought up to tread therein. It...
الصفحة 61 - No matter how full a reservoir of maxims one may possess, and no matter how good one's sentiments may be, if one has not taken advantage of every concrete opportunity to act, one's character may remain entirely unaffected for the better. With mere good intentions, hell is proverbially paved. And this is an obvious consequence of the principles we have laid down. A "character...
الصفحة 56 - Never suffer an exception to occur till the new habit is securely rooted in your life. The third maxim is: Seize the very first possible opportunity to act on every resolution you make and on every emotional prompting you may experience in the direction of the habits you aspire to gain; and finally: Keep the faculty of effort alive in you by a little gratuitous exercise every day.
الصفحة 26 - Carpenter's phrase that our nervous system grows to the modes in which it has been exercised expresses the philosophy of habit in a nutshell. We may now trace some of the practical applications of the principle to human life. The first result of it is that habit simplifies the movements required to achieve a given result, makes them more accurate and diminishes fatigue. The beginner at the piano not only moves his finger up and down in order to depress the key, he moves the whole hand, the forearm...
الصفحة 55 - ... of every cup, the time of rising and going to bed every day, and the beginning of every bit of work, are subjects of express volitional deliberation. Full half the time of such a man goes to the deciding, or regretting, of matters which ought to be so ingrained in him as practically not to exist for his consciousness at all. If there be such daily duties not yet ingrained in any one of my readers, let him begin this very hour to set the matter right.
الصفحة 55 - The first is that in the acquisition of a new habit, or the leaving off of an old one, we must take care to launch ourselves with as strong and decided an initiative as possible. Accumulate all the possible circumstances which shall reinforce the right motives; put yourself assiduously in conditions that encourage the new way; make engagements incompatible with the old; take a public pledge, if the case allows; in short, envelop your resolution with every aid you know.