other races, the English had begun to make our country what it is. Those first settlers and colonists were English, with a smaller number from Holland.

George Washington was of English blood. Samuel Adams and John Hancock were of English blood. Philip Schuyler was of Dutch blood.

Although the English Government was false and weak, and fought against us, English love of liberty and English strength of character was true and powerful, and conquered in us. The English in England were also struggling for liberty, but they had to move more slowly because England was a very old country, and had many old ways to change.

English ways of thinking and living were the first American ways of thinking and living, and the character of the English is still in the character of Americans.

All over the world, English, Dutch, and American people are clean people, independent people, and people that love fair play. All over the world, English and American people keep their bodies and minds clean. All over the world, English and American people say, "We will think for ourselves, no one shall think for us."

We shall see that many other races brought their

gifts of mind and heart to America later. But the foundation stone of American character was laid by the English.

I am proud to remember that my country was founded by people who loved cleanness, honor, and fair play. Fair play is justice, and justice is the very first stone in the building of a republic. I will do my best to keep the American Republic true to her first ideals of justice and honor.

As an American child, I will tell the truth and keep my word. I will keep my body clean. I will not take advantage of a smaller child, or cheat in games, but I will play fair. I will be a true American.

TH

made by a woman. Her name was Mrs. Elizabeth Ross, and her friends called her Betsy Ross. She made the first flag for General George Washington, the first President of the United States of America.

Men and women together are citizens of the American Republic, our United States. Together they work for the good of the country, and are equally valuable. The flag belongs to both.

In the past all countries have thought women were not so valuable as men, and they have not given women an equal chance to be free and useful. But now most of the countries are learning that men and women are equally valuable, and must have equal rights. The Great War has taught this, for in all countries the women have worked and suffered with

the men.

In Russia the soldiers were worn out with fighting against an enemy better armed than they. The Russian army was cheated by its own Government, and did not have ammunition enough to shoot. At last the soldiers became discouraged and many would not fight.

When the Russian women saw that Germany was going to conquer their country, a brave woman named Madame Botchkareva called on her sisters to become soldiers with her. Hundreds of Russian women and young girls came to her and formed themselves into a battalion. They were drilled, and fought bravely against the enemy. They were called the "Battalion of Death," because each woman soldier gave her word to her commander that she would conquer or die. Each carried a little bottle of poison to take if she was captured.

These Russian women surely did as much for

Russia as any man.

British women have given a shining example of heroism in the war. One Scotch woman doctor, Dr. Elsie Ingles, will not soon be forgotten. She had been taking care of a whole village of sick Serbian soldiers. Suddenly the German army came nearer, and all the wounded soldiers were in danger.

Dr. Ingles got them out of the country. She led those thousands of Serbian men on a march of months, out of Roumania, across Russia, way up to the northern port of Archangel, and at last got them on ships across to England. She found food for them, she found roads for them, she nursed them when they were sick, and encouraged them when they were in despair.

When her little army reached England, Dr. Ingles was so worn out that she died after a week's illness. But those eight thousand Serbian soldiers were able to go to France, to fight for England and Freedom! Surely no British man did more for his country than Elsie Ingles did.

France has many women who have done noble and heroic work in the war. Books of stories are being made about them. One young French girl did something which sounds like a fairy tale.