Brought over £. 20,144,586 Interest, &c. to be incurred and paid between same as paid in the year ending the 5th of Civil government of Scotland, pensions on re- to be the same as in the year ending the 5th Charges of collecting income tax, as per estimate according to the articles of union, of the Advanced to freland... Interests payable for loans of emperor of Germany 1,812,816 766,440 1,376,470 635,549 1,699,225 152,620 39,338,489 2,500,000 497,735 Making in the whole the sum of.......... £. 68,923,979 10. That it appears, by the report of a commitee of this house in 1791, that the actual expenditure of the peace establishment (including the annual million for the sinking fund) was, on an average of five years ending the 5th of January, 1791.... £16,816,985 That the additional charge incurred by debt cre- ... 10,395,078 212,000 That the additional charge to be incurred for in- 285,000 Brought over That the additional pay to the army, on the same number as in the last peace, deducting stoppages, cannot be estimated at less than That the increased charge of half-pay, and Chelsea, cannot be estimated at less than ....... That the increased charge of the ordnance, calculated on the numbers in the last peace, cannot be estimated at less than And that the future peace-establishment of Great-Britain (exclusive of any charges to be incurrred by interest on sums to be paid on winding up the expenses of the war; exclusive of any augmentation in the naval or military establishments beyond the last peace; and exclusive of 497,000l. interest due by the emperor of Germany, and guarantied by parliament) cannot be estimated at less than .... £. 28,630,063 170,000 130,000 49,500 28,979,563 11. That the net produce of the tax on income, for the year ending the 5th of April, 1801 (exclusive of voluntary contributions), did not exceed the sum of 5,590,530l. 12. That the amount of three per cent. stock (of which the interest iş to be defrayed, and the principal to be redeemed by the tax on income) is 56,4451. 13. That, supposing the war to end with the present year, the net annual produce of the tax on income to be 5,600,000l. and the three per cents to be, on an average, at 80, the sum of 56,445,000l. together with the interest thereon, would not be redeemed until the end of the year 1811 and that the probable annual expenditure, during the first ten years of peace (exclusive of any charges to be incurred for sums to be paid on winding up the expences of the war, or any increase in the naval or military establishments beyond the last peace) cannot be estimated at less than 34,500,000l. and conducted the ordinary business of the government in this place. "I congratulate the people of the United States on the assembling of congress at the permanent seat of their government, and I congra, tulate you, gentlemen, on the prospect of a residence not to be changed. Although there is cause to apprehend that accommodations are not now so complete as might be wished, yet there is great reason to believe that this inconvenience will cease with the present session. "It would be unbecoming the representatives of this nation to as semble semble, for the first time, in this solemn temple, without looking up to the Supreme Ruler of the universe, and imploring his blessing. May this territory be the residence of virtue and happiness! In this In this city may that piety and virtue, that wisdom and magnanimity, that constancy and self-government, which adorned the great character whose name it bears, be for ever held in veneration! Here, and throughout our country, may simple manners, pure morals, and true religion, flourish for ever! "It is with you, gentlemen, to consider whether the local powers over the district of Columbia, vested by the constitution in the congress of the United States, shall be immediately exercised. If in your opinion this important trust ought now to be executed, you cannot fail, while performing it, to take into view the future probable sitution of the territory for the hap. piness of which you are about to provide. You will consider it as the capital of a great nation, advancing with unexampled rapidity in arts, in commerce, in wealth, and in population; and possessing within itself those energies and resources, which if not thrown away, or lamentably misdirected, secure to it a long course of prosperity and self-government. "In compliance with a law of the last session of congress, the officers and soldiers of the temporary army have been discharged. It affords real pleasure to recollect the honourable testimony they gave of the patriotic motives which brought them into the service of their country, by the readiness and regularity with which they returned to the station of private citizens. "It is in every point of view, of such primary importance to carry the laws into prompt and faithful execution, and to render that part of the administration of justice, which the constitution and laws devolve on the federal courts, as convenient to the people as may coursist with their present circumstances, that I cannot omit once more to recommend to your serious conside ration the judiciary system of the United States. No subject is more interesting than this to the public happiness, and to none can those improvements which may have been suggested by experience be more beneficially applied. "A treaty of amity and commerce with the king of Prussia has been concluded and ratified. The ratifications have been exchanged, and I have directed the treaty to be promulgated by proclamation. “The difficulties which suspended the execution of the 6th article of our treaty of amity, commerce, and navigation with Great Britain, have not yet been removed. The negociation on this subject is still depending. As it must be for the interest and honour of both nations to adjust this difference with good faith, I indulge confidently the expectation, that the sincere endeavours of the government of the United States to bring it to an amicable termination will not be disappointed. "The envoys extraordinary and ministers plenipotentirary from the United States to France were received by the first consul with the respect due to their character, and three persons with equal powers were appointed to treat with them. Although at the date of the last official intelligence the negociation had not terminated, yet it is to be hoped that our efforts to effect an accommodation will at length meet with a success proportioned to the sincerity with which they have been so often repeated. (N 4) "While "While our best endeavours for the preservation of harmony with all nations will continue to be used, the experience of the world, our own experience, admonish us of the insecurity of trusting too confidently to their success. We cannot, without committing a dangerous imprudence, abandon those measures of self-protection which are adapted to our situation, and to which, notwithstanding our pacific policy, the violence and injustice of others may again compel us to resort, While our vast extent of sea-coast, the commercial and agricultural habits of our people, the great capital they will continue to trust on the ocean, suggest the system of defence which will be most beneficial to ourselves, our distance from Europe, and our resources for ma> ritime strength, will enable us to employ it with effect. Seasonable and systematic arrangements, so far as our resources will justify, for a navy adapted to defensive war, and which may, in case of necessity, be quickly brought into use, seem to be as much recommended by a wise and true economy, as by a just regard for our future tranquillity, for the safety of our shores, and for the protection of our property committed to the ocean. The present navy of the United States, called suddenly into existence by a great national exigency, has raised us in our own esteem; and by the protection afforded to our commerce has effected, to the extent of our expectations, the objects for which it was created. "In connexion with a navy ought to be contemplated the fortification of some of our principal sea-ports and harbours, A variety of considerations, which will readily suggest themselves, urge an attention to this measure of precaution: to give security to our principal ports considerable sums have been expended; but the works remain incomplete. It is for congress to determine whether additional appropriations shall be made in order to render competent to the intended purposes the fortifications which have been commenced. "The manufacture of arms within the United States still invites the attention of the national legislature. At a considerable expense to the public, this manufactory has been brought to such a state of maturity, as, with continued encouragement, will supersede the necessity of future importations from foreign countries. "Gentlemen of the House of Representatives, "I shall direct the estimates of the appropriations necessary for the ensuing year, together with an ac count of the public revenue and expenditures to a late period, to be laid before you. I observe, with much satisfaction, that the product of the revenue, during the present year, has been more considerable than during any former equal pe riod. This result affords conclu sive evidence of the great resources of this country, and of the wisdom and efficiency of the measures which have been adopted by congress for the protection of commerce and preservation of public credit. "Gentlemen of the Senate, and Gentlemen of the House of Representatives, "As one of the grand community of nations, our attention is irresisti bly drawn to the important scenes which surround us. If they have exhibited an uncommon portion of calamity, it is the province of bumanity to deplore, and of wisdom to avoid, the causes which may have produced it. If turning our eyes homeward we find reason to joice at the prospect which presents itself; if we perceive the interior of our country prosperous, free, and happy; if all enjoy in safety, under the protection of laws emanating only from the general will, the fruits of their own labour; we ought to fortify and cling to those institutions which have been the source of such real felicity; and resist with unabating perseverance the progress of those dangerous innovations which may diminish their influence. "To your patriotism, gentlemen, has been confided the honourable duty of guarding the public interests; and while the past is to your country a sure pledge that it will be faithfully discharged, permit me to assure you, that your labours to promote the general happiness will receive from me the most zealous co-operation. "JOHN ADAMS." and forget right, advancing rapidly to destinies beyond the reach of mortal eye; when I contemplate these transcendent objects, and see the honour, the happiness, and the hopes of this beloved country committed to the issue and the auspices of this day, I shrink from the contemplation, and humble myself before the magnitude of the undertaking. Utterly, indeed, should I despair, did not the presence of many whom I here see remind me, that in the other high authorities provided by our constitution, 1 shall find resources of wisdom, of virtue, and of zeal, on which to rely under all difficulties. To you, then, gen tlemen, who are charged with the sovereign functions of legislation, and to those associated with you, I look with encouragement for that guidance and support which may enable us to steer with safety the vessel in which all are embarked amidst the conflicting elements of a troubled world. Speech of the President of the American States on taking the Oaths to "During the contest of opinion the Constitution. March 4, 1801. through which we have passed, "Friends and Fellow-Citizens, the animation of discussions and "Called upon to undertake the exertions has sometimes worn an duties of the first executive office aspect which might impose on of our country, I avail myself of strangers unused to think freely, the presence of that portion of my and to speak and to write what fellow-citizens which is here as they think; but this being now de sembled, to express my grateful cided by the voice of the nation, thanks for the favour with which announced according to the rules they have been pleased to look to- of the constitution, all will of course wards me, to declare a sincere arrange themselves under the will consciousness that the task is above of the law, and unite in common my talents, and that I approach it efforts for the common good. All. with those anxious and awful pre- too will bear in mind this sacred sentiments which the greatness principle, that, though the will of of the charge and the weakness of the majority is in all cases to pre my powers so justly inspire. Avail, that will to be rightful must rising nation, spread over a wide be reasonable; that the minority and fruitful land, traversing all the possess their equal rights, which seas with the rich productions of equal laws must protect; and to viotheir industry; engaged in com- late would be oppression. Let us merce with nations who feel powers then, fellow-citizens, unite with one |