History of Materialism and Criticism of Its Present Importance, المجلد 2Houghton, Mifflin, 1880 |
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عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
absolute appears Atheism atoms bodies Bois-Reymond brain Büchner cause combination Comp conceive conception consciousness consequences course criticism Czolbe Descartes Diderot doctrine dogma edition elements Empiricism Epigoni especially existence experience explained expression external fact Feuerbach Force and Matter Germany Hegel Hobbes Holbach Homme Machine human Hylozoism ideal ideas important influence intellectual intuition judgment Kant Kant's Kantian knowledge Kuno Fischer Lamettrie Leibniz logical Materialism Materialists mathematical means mechanical ment merely metaphysical mind mode monads moral natural sciences necessity notion object observation organisation origin Pantheism particles pheno phenomena philo philosophy physical physicist position positive sciences pre-established harmony principle priori proof propositions pure question reason recognise regard relation religion result rience scientific sensation sense sensible soul space speculation sphere Spinoza spirit standpoint suppose synthetic System of Nature theory thing-in-itself things thinking thought tion true truth Ueberweg understanding universal Voltaire whole
مقاطع مشهورة
الصفحة 161 - For my part, when I enter most intimately into what I call myself, I always stumble on some particular perception or other, of heat or cold, light or shade, love or hatred, pain or pleasure. I never can catch myself at any time without a perception, and never can observe anything but the perception.
الصفحة 161 - There are some philosophers who imagine we are every moment intimately conscious of what we call our SELF; that we feel its existence and its continuance in existence, and are certain, beyond the evidence of a demonstration, both of its perfect identity and simplicity.
الصفحة 162 - But setting aside some metaphysicians of this kind, I may venture to affirm of the rest of mankind, that they are nothing but a bundle or collection of different perceptions, wrhich succeed each other with an inconceivable rapidity, and are in a perpetual flux and movement.
الصفحة 162 - All I can allow him is, that he may be in the right as well as I, and that we are essentially different in this particular. He may, perhaps, perceive something simple and continued which he calls himself, though I am certain there is no such principle in me.
الصفحة 207 - They found a more convenient method of being defiant without any insight, viz., the appeal to common sense. It is indeed a great gift of God, to possess right, or (as they now call it) plain common sense.
الصفحة 213 - I am convinced that any one accustomed to abstraction and analysis, who will fairly exert his faculties for the purpose, will, when his imagination has once learned to entertain the notion, find no difficulty in conceiving that in some one, for instance, of the many firmaments into which sidereal astronomy now divides the universe, events may succeed one another at random, without any fixed law...
الصفحة 206 - ... granted thereby; for this is the meaning of the concept of cause. He demonstrated irresistibly that it was perfectly impossible for reason to think such a combination by means of concepts and a priori — a combination that contains necessity. We cannot at all see why, in consequence of the existence of one thing, another must necessarily exist, or how the concept of such a combination can arise a priori. Hence he inferred, that reason was altogether deluded by this concept, which it considered...
الصفحة 173 - imaginary looking"; but experience must be real looking : if we see a property of straight lines to be true by merely fancying ourselves to be looking at them, the ground of our belief cannot be the senses, or experience ; it must be something mental.
الصفحة 207 - To appeal to common sense, when insight and science fail, and no sooner — this is one of the subtile discoveries of modern times, by means of which the most superficial ranter can safely enter the lists with the most thorough thinker, and hold his own.
الصفحة 354 - These observations have tacitly led to the conclusion which seems universally adopted, that all bodies of sensible magnitude, whether liquid or solid, are constituted of a vast number of extremely small particles, or atoms of matter bound together by a force of attraction, which is more or less powerful according to circumstances...