A selective chopper radiometer proposed by the Universities of Reading and Oxford has been chosen for flight on the Nimbus E neteorological satellite, scheduled for launching in 1972. This experiment is expected to measure water vapor, cloud, and atmospheric temperature. Similar instrumentation also prepared by the Reading/Oxford group is scheduled to be flown in 1970 on Nimbus

D.

Lunar Sample Program

Two foreign principal investigators were added to the list of those selected to participate in the analysis of lunar samples returned in the Apollo program. Totals now stand at 36 foreign principal investigators from eight countries and twenty institutions.

Foreign Experiments Flown on OSO-V and OGO-VI

Three foreign experiments were carried on two NASA satellites launched during the first half of 1969. French and British experiments were carried by OSO-V, launched in January to conduct coordinated experiments in solar physics, astronomy, and geophysics. A French experiment was carried by OGO-VI, launched in June to conduct investigations of geophysical and solar-terrestrial phenomena.

Orbiting Astronomical Observatory

Two scientists from the Netherlands were selected to participate as "Guest Observers" on the Orbiting Astronomical Observatory (OAO-II) launched in December 1968.

Earth Resources Survey

In the cooperative earth resources survey projects with Mexico and Brazil, a NASA remote sensing aircraft completed flights over the Mexican test sites in April. At the end of the period, plans for flights over the Brazilian test sites were being completed. Data from these flights will be analyzed for promising earth resources applications in Brazil and Mexico. They should contribute to the development of techniques and systems for surveying earth resources from aircraft and spacecraft.

Airborne Auroral and Eclipse Expeditions

Between ten and fourteen NASA aircraft flights were being planned for November and December, 1969, to study auroras in

northern latitudes, particularly in regions where the sun remains below the horizon throughout the day. Three foreign scientists, two from Canada and one from France, were selected to join nine U.S. scientists on the flights.

The same NASA aircraft will be used to carry out experiments during the March 7, 1970, total eclipse of the sun. Ten investigator groups including scientists from Canada, Greece, and Italyhave been selected to participate in the flight along the path of the eclipse.

Sounding Rocket Projects

NASA made four new cooperative sounding rocket agreements during the first half of 1969, and began to expand one existing agreement. Five countries (Brazil, India, Japan, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) entered into cooperative agreements with NASA. Included were tripartite agreements with Sweden and the United Kingdom, and with India and Japan.

Seven countries (Argentina, Brazil, Canada, India, Japan, Spain, and Sweden) conducted cooperative sounding rocket projects under existing or new agreements with NASA. Among the investigations performed were coordinated launchings to study the structure and behavior of the atmosphere, to examine atmospheric and ionospheric phenomena in the auroral zone, to conduct radio propagation experiments near the geomagnetic equator, and to investigate discrete celestial X-ray sources in the southern hemisphere.

UNITED NATIONS

The Director of Space Applications served as U.S. Representative to the United Nations Working Group on Direct Broadcast Satellites, which met at United Nations Headquarters in New York (February 11-20, 1969).

The Assistant Administrator for International Affairs served as U.S. Representative to the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee of the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space during its meeting at United Nations Headquarters March 17-28, 1969.

OPERATIONS SUPPORT

NASA continued to receive valuable operations support from abroad. Spain extended until January 29, 1984, its agreement permitting NASA to maintain a tracking station at Madrid. The ex

tension cleared the way for NASA to establish a 210-foot-diameter antenna for support of future deep space probes, beginning with the Mars missions in 1973. Responsibility for operations of one of the 85-foot antenna deep space facilities at Madrid was transferred to the Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial (INTA), the cooperative agency for this station. (Fig. 7-3.)

Discussions are under way with Australia concerning the addition of a similar 210-foot deep space antenna at the Canberra station. NASA plans to close the Applications Technology Satellite ground station at Cooby Creek, Australia, after the launch of ATS-E, subject to temporary utilization by Australia for experiments with ATS-1.

Arrangements were completed with the British and Japanese for data acquisition from Biosatellite-D by stations at Singapore and Kashima. Ireland approved the staging of two NASA aircraft to conduct sea-state measurements over the northern Atlantic. Additionally, many countries continued to support the Apollo program by granting staging or overflight rights for astronaut recovery aircraft and Apollo/Range Instrumentation Aircraft.

NASA participated in an auroral research balloon flight project from Iceland sponsored by the National Science Foundation.

PERSONNEL EXCHANGES, EDUCATION, AND TRAINING

During the first half of 1969, 2,000 foreign nationals from 75 locations visited NASA facilities for scientific and technical discussions or general orientation.

Under the NASA International University Fellowship Program, 53 students from ten nations were engaged in graduate study at 19 American universities. They were supported by their national space research sponsors or by ESRO. This program is administered for NASA by the National Academy of Sciences.

One hundred and three postdoctoral and senior postdoctoral associates from 18 nations carried on advanced research at NASA centers, including the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. This program, also administered by the National Academy of Sciences, is open to both U.S. and foreign nationals.

Thirty-four scientists, engineers, and technicians from Australia, Japan and Germany-here at their own expense-received training in space technology at the Goddard Space Flight Center and the Manned Spacecraft Center in connection with cooperative projects.

SUSTAINING UNIVERSITY PROGRAM

This Program supports university activities broader in scope and longer in range than the project-oriented research supported by other NASA elements. It enables NASA to make use of qualified researchers and widely varied academic research experience, as well as developing and already established research.

Multidisciplinary research grants help universities strengthen their faculties and curricula and allow them to experiment with new research and training concepts before instituting extensive programs. Each institution brings unique research capabilities and talents to bear on scientific and technological problems facing the space program.

Sustaining University Program Research grants encourage institutions to exercise responsibility in selecting the research program and provide an opportunity for timely support of new researchers and new ideas.

Administration and Management Research

This program, now entering its third year of aid to research and graduate training in the management of large, complex organizations, continued support for research programs at Syracuse University, the University of Pittsburgh, the University of Southern