Science, Truth, and DemocracyOxford University Press, 08/11/2001 - 240 من الصفحات Striving to boldly redirect the philosophy of science, this book by renowned philosopher Philip Kitcher examines the heated debate surrounding the role of science in shaping our lives. Kitcher explores the sharp divide between those who believe that the pursuit of scientific knowledge is always valuable and necessary--the purists--and those who believe that it invariably serves the interests of people in positions of power. In a daring turn, he rejects both perspectives, working out a more realistic image of the sciences--one that allows for the possibility of scientific truth, but nonetheless permits social consensus to determine which avenues to investigate. He then proposes a democratic and deliberative framework for responsible scientists to follow. Controversial, powerful, yet engaging, this volume will appeal to a wide range of readers. Kitcher's nuanced analysis and authorititative conclusion will interest countless scientists as well as all readers of science--scholars and laypersons alike. |
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مقاطع مشهورة
الصفحة 95 - The only freedom which deserves the name is that of pursuing our own good in our own way, so long as we do not attempt to deprive others of theirs or impede their efforts to obtain it.
الصفحة 67 - WHEN I wrote my treatise about our system, I had an eye upon such principles as might work with considering men for the belief of a Deity ; and nothing can rejoice me more than to find it useful for that purpose.
الصفحة 89 - Once the rockets are up, who cares where they come down — that's not my department, says Wernher von Braun.
الصفحة 142 - We think we probably would not, even if we were all-wise and allknowing, write you a plan whereby you would be assured of scientific leadership at one stroke. We think as we think because we are not interested in setting up an elect. We think it much the best plan, in this constitutional Republic, that opportunity be held out to all kinds and conditions of men whereby they can better themselves. This is the American way ; this is the way the United States has become what it is. We think it very important...
الصفحة 91 - The Republic of Science: Its Political and Economic Theory," in Criteria for Scientific Development: Public Policy and National Goals, ed. Edward Shils (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1968), pp. 120. Donald T. Campbell, "Ethnocentrism of Disciplines and the FishScale Model of Omniscience," in Interdisciplinary Relationships in the Social Sciences, ed.
الصفحة 140 - ... meningitis have been all but conquered by penicillin and the sulfa drugs, the insecticide DDT, better vaccines, and improved hygienic measures. Malaria has been controlled. There has been dramatic progress in surgery. The striking advances in medicine during the war have been possible only because we had a large backlog of scientific data accumulated through basic research in many scientific fields in the years before the war.
الصفحة 209 - Herrnstein and Charles Murray, The Bell Curve (New York: Free Press, 1994); Dinesh D'Souza, The End of Racism (New York: Free Press, 1995); Peter Brimelow, Alien Nation (New York: Random House, 1995). 12. Charles Lane, "The Tainted Sources of 'The Bell Curve,' " New York Review of Books, December 1, 1994, p. 14. 13. Mark Snyderman, "How to Think About Race...
الصفحة 206 - Mark Monmonier, How to Lie with Maps, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991; and David Turnbull, Maps are Territories, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989. 3 Sec, among others, JB Harley, "Deconstructing the Map," and John Pickles, "Texts, Hermeneutics and Propaganda Maps,
الصفحة 204 - Steven Shapin, A Social History of Truth (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994). 28. Geoffrey, "Diverses Observations," p. 23. 29. Bulifon, Lettere, 2: 107-113. 30. Cancellieri, Leltera, p. 8. 31. Robert Boyle, "An Essay on the Great Effects of Even Languid and Unheeded Motion," (1685) in The Works of the Hon.
الصفحة 121 - ... rival ways of proceeding that cannot be decisively ranked with respect to one another. In the simplest case, when the arbitrator is given point probability values, the decision procedure can be specified precisely: with respect to each budgetary level, one identifies the set of possible distributions of resources among scientific projects compatible with the moral constraints on which the ideal deliberators agree, and picks from this set the option (or set of options) yielding maximal expected...