Logic, Deductive and InductiveC. Scribner's Sons, 1905 - 439 من الصفحات |
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طبعات أخرى - عرض جميع المقتطفات
عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
affirmative analogy analysis antecedent Aristotle basis body causal connection causal relation cause color combination common complex concept conclusion consequent contrapositive coördinated corresponding Darwin deduction definite determined disjunctive disjunctive syllogism distribution of terms effect empirical law ence enthymeme error essential experiment expressed fact fallacy false Faraday flowers force genus give given ground heat hypothesis hypothetical idea illustration indicate induction inference investigation Jevons John Stuart Mill judgment knowledge known large number law of contradiction law of identity light logical major premise means ment mental merely method of agreement method of difference middle term Mill mind Moreover nature negative not-x not-y number of instances observed particular perception phenomena phenomenon plants possible predicate principle probability produce proposition proved question reason reference regarded says scientific significance similar simple Sir John Lubbock species sphere substance suggested syllogism theory thought tion true Tyndall Ueberweg universal validity various
مقاطع مشهورة
الصفحة 257 - Newton generalized the law of attraction into a statement that every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force which varies directly as the product of their masses and inversely as the square of the distance between them; and he thence deduced the law of attraction for spherical shells of constant density.
الصفحة 216 - If an instance in which the phenomenon under investigation occurs, and an instance in which it does not occur, have every circumstance in common save one, that one occurring only in the former; the circumstance in which alone the two instances differ is the effect, or the cause, or an indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon.
الصفحة 159 - The only proof capable of being given that an object is visible, is that people actually see it. The only proof that a sound is audible, is that people hear it: and so of the other sources of our experience. In like manner, I apprehend, the sole evidence it is possible to produce that anything is desirable, is that people do actually desire it.
الصفحة 404 - THERE are some philosophers who imagine we are every moment intimately conscious of what we call our self; that we feel its existence and its continuance in existence; and are certain, beyond the evidence of a demonstration, both of its perfect identity and simplicity.
الصفحة 429 - In affirming that the growth of the body is mechanical, and that thought, as exercised by us, has its correlative in the physics of the brain, I think the position of the " Materialist " is stated as far as that position is a tenable one. I think the materialist will be able finally to maintain this position against all attacks ; but I do not think, as the human mind is at present constituted, that he can pass beyond it.
الصفحة 415 - Some of them have moons, that serve to give them light in the absence of the sun, as our moon does to us. They are all, in their motions, subject to the same law of gravitation as the earth is. From all this similitude, it is not unreasonable to think that those planets may, like our earth, be the habitation of various orders of living creatures.
الصفحة 281 - ... effects on the shores of South America of the intermittent elevation of the land, together with denudation and the deposition of sediment. This necessarily led me to reflect much on the effects of subsidence, and it was easy to replace in imagination the continued deposition of sediment by the upward growth of corals. To do this was to form my theory of the formation of barrier-reefs and atolls.
الصفحة 247 - If two or more instances in which the phenomenon occurs have only one circumstance in common, while two or more instances in which it does not occur have nothing in common save the absence of that circumstance, the circumstance in which alone the two sets of instances differ is the effect, or the cause, or an indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon.
الصفحة 405 - Let a man's motive be ill-will ; call it even malice, envy, cruelty ; it is still a kind of pleasure that is his motive : the pleasure he takes at the thought of the pain which he sees, or expects to see, his adversary undergo.
الصفحة 344 - ... it is not within the reach and compass of human abilities to invent a train of circumstances which shall be so connected together as to amount to a proof of guilt, without affording opportunities of contradicting a great part, if not all, of these circumstances.