personal valor. His horse being shot under him, he with difficulty disengaged himself; and, seeing a foldier at the fame moment with a fixed bayonet advancing towards him, he drew out a pistol and shot him dead on the spot. The Americans on their part retaliated by an attack on the English poft and magazine at Saggs Harbor, in Long Island, where they destroyed a large quantity of ftores, and burnt a number of floops and other veffels lying in the harbor, with inconfiderable loss. Lord Cornwallis continued in his station at Amboy, watched and ftraitened in a manner which expofed the troops to the hardfhips of a most severe and unremitting duty, though lately ftrengthened by a brigade of British, and fome companies of grenadiers and light infantry from Rhode Island. The order for thefe troops was fent by General now SIR WILLIAM HOWE (the "blushing honors" of the Bath having been recently conferred upon him in reward of his services) to Lord Percy, in the absence of General Clinton. His Lordship did not immediately.comply, but returned for answer, "that the enemy were collecting a large force near Providence, with which circumstance he supposed General Howe to be unacquainted:" adding, "that he thought it his duty to reprefent the danger that might refult from fending away fo large a corps." General Howe replied, "that Lord Percy knew the confequence of disobedience of orders-trial by

court-martial and certain sentence of being broke, and insisted upon his orders being punctually obeyed."

From some extraordinary and unaccountable negligence, the army at New York were not able to take the field till June, for want of tents and camp equipage; which at length arriving, General Howe passed over in full force into the Jerseys, with a fixed intention if possible to bring the American commander to a general action; but on approaching his camp at Middlebrook, it was found absolutely inaccessible, from the nature of its fituation and its artificial defences. Every manœuvre was practised by the English General to induce his antagonist to relinquish this advantageous station, but in vain. A feint was made of leaving the American army in the rear, and marching directly to the Delawar; but the American FABIUS was not to be deceived. " Had their defign," said he, in his letter of the 17th of June, "been in the first instance to cross the Delawar, they would probably have made a straight rapid march towards it, and not have halted as they have done to awaken our attention, and give us time to make every preparation for obstructing them." At length General Howe decamped suddenly in the night of the 20th, and retreated to Brunswick. On the 22d he fell back to Amboy, being much harassed in his whole line of march by the advanced parties of the enemy. General

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General Washington himself, quitting his strong camp at Middlebrook, moved with his army to Quibble-town, that he might be nearer the royal forces, and might act according to circumstances. The English commander, who had actually thrown a bridge over the channel which separates the continent from Staten Island, and part of whose troops had already paffed over, now made a rapid march by different routes back into the Jerseys, in the hope of surprising General Washington at Quibbletown; but on the first intelligence of this movement, the American General, penetrating the defign, re-poffefsed himself of his former strong po-fition at Middlebrook:--and knowing that Lord Cornwallis at the head of a ftrong detached corps was advancing by a circuitous route to the right, he fortified the paffes of the mountains on that fide of his camp; fothat Lord Cornwallis, who had defeated in his march a confiderable body of the enemy under Lord Sterling, and who hoped to have co-operated with General Howe by fecuring the paffes in the rear, was compelled reluctantly to retire.

The whole plan of attack being thus fruftrated, General Howe came to a second and final refolution of evacuating the Jerseys; and in both his retreats fuch havoc, spoil, and ruin, were made by the forces under his personal infpection and command, as were well caleulated to obviate the fuf

picion that any secret partiality to America yet remained in the breast of the English General.

A great part of the summer had now elapsed, and the primary object of the campaign had proved wholly abortive. In vindication of the conduct of Sir William Howe it was alleged, that to bring the enemy to action was impoffible; and to advance to the Delawar, through a country entirely hoftile, and with such a force in his rear, would be no better than madness. But if so, the war itself was evidently no better than madness, as these difficulties were precisely such as they had every reason previoufly to expect. Another project, however, was now to be tried, and preparations were made for a grand naval expedition. On the 23d of July the whole army, leaving only a fufficient force for the defence of New York, embarked on board the flect, and after a long and tedious voyage the troops were landed at Elk Ferry, at the head of Chesapeak Bay. General Washington, who had for many weeks been kept in anxious suspense as to the destination of the British army, upon this intelligence took poffeffion of the heights on the eastern fide of the river Brandywine, which falls into the Delawar below Philadelphia, with an intention to difpute the passage. By day-break on the 11th of September the British army advanced in two columns: the right, commanded by General Knyphaufen, marching directly to Chadsford; and the other

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other column, under Lord Cornwallis, taking a circuit to the left, in order to cross the forks of the Brandywine, and attack the enemy on the right flank. Both were in a confiderable degree fuccefsful; the first after a severe conflict forcing the pafsage of the ford, and the latter surprising and totally discomfiting the brigades commanded by Sullivan, which composed the right wing of the American army. The approach of night prevented the royal army from pursuing its advantages, and the lofs of the Americans did not exceed thirteen hundred men in killed, wounded, and prisoners; to which that of the British bore a very large proportion. The Marquis de la Fayette, a young French nobleman, who had recently entered as a volunteer into the American service, and Count Pulawski, a native of Poland, diftinguished themselves by their gallantry on this occasion, General Washington, on the disaster of Brandywine, retreated towards Philadelphia; but on the advance of General Howe, not deeming it expedient so soon to risk a second engagement, he withdrew, and the English army passed the Schuylkil without opposition; and on the 26th of September General Howe entered Philadelphia in triumph, the Congress having previously removed their fittings to York-town in Virginia. About the same time a detached corps of Americans, commanded by General Wayne, was surprised and totally routed by Major General Grey,