$$39-44]

WARRING NATIONS

37

Fox, Frank. The Balkan Peninsula. (London, Black, 1915.) Written Deals with national characteristics of the Balkan

before the war.

peoples and the history of their diplomatic relations and wars. Hanotaux, Gabriel. La guerre des Balkans et l'Europe 1912-1913. (Paris, Plon-Nourrit, 1914.) Etudes diplomatiques, No. 2.

Balkan Wars. Report. (Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, International Commission to Inquire into the Causes and Conduct of the Balkan Wars. Report. (Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, N. Y., Publication No. 4, 1914.)

Lazarovich-Hrebelianovich, Prince Stephan Lazar Eugene. The Servian People; Their Past Glory and Their Destiny. (N. Y., Scribners, 1910.) Peacock, Wadham. Albania, the Foundling State of Europe. (N. Y., Appleton, 1914.)

Petrovitch, Wislav M. Serbia; Her People, History and Aspirations. (London, Harrap, 1915.)

Schurman, Jacob Gould. The Balkan Wars (1912-1913). (Princeton University Press.

Sloane, William Milligan. The Balkans; a Laboratory of History. (N. Y., Eaton & Mains, 1914.)

Wagner, Hermenegild. With the Victorious Bulgarians.

Houghton, Mifflin, 1913.)

(Boston, etc.,

4. [§42] Belgium.

See §§99-101, 111 below.

Boulger, Demetrius Charles. Belgium of the Belgians. (N. Y., Scribner, 1911.)

Griffis, William Elliot. Belgium; the Land of Art; Its History, Legends, Industry and Modern Expansion. (Boston, etc., Houghton, Mifflin, 1912.)

King Albert's Book, a Tribute to the Belgian King and People from Over Two Hundred Representative Men and Women Throughout the World. (N. Y., Hearst's International Library, 1915.)

Macdonnell, John DeCourcy. Belgium, Her Kings, Kingdom and People. (Boston, Little, Brown, 1914.)

See §52 below.

5. [§43] France.

Berard, Victor. La France et Guillaume II. (Paris, Colin, 1907; 10 edn.) Colin, Jean Lambert Alphonse. France and the Next War: a French View of Modern War. Trans. by Major L. H. R. Pope-Hennesey. (London, Hodder, Stoughton, 1914.)

Darmstädter, Paul. Frankreich als Weltmacht. (Berlin, Teubner, 1915.) Argues that France had reached the limit of possible colonial expansion, and had reverted to a policy of revenge; hence seized the opportunity in 1914 to go to war against Germany.

Guerard, Albert Leon. French Civilization in the 19th Century. (N. Y., Century, 1914.)

Hanotaux, Gabriel. Contemporary France, 1870-1882. Trans, by John Charles Tarver. (4 vols.; N. Y., Putnam, 1903-1909.)

Vergnet, Paul. La France en danger. (Paris, La Renaissance du livre, 1913.)

Vizetelly, Ernest Alfred. Republican France; 1870-1912; Her Presidents, Statesmen, Policy, Vicissitudes and Social Life. (Boston, Small, 1913.) Wendell, Barrett. The France of Today. (N. Y., Scribner, 1907.)

6. [844] Great Britain.

Bryce, George. A Short History of the Canadian People. (London, Low, Marston, 1914.)

Collier, Price. England and the English from an American Point of View. (N. Y., Scribner, 1911.)

Jenks, Edward. A History of the Australasian Colonies from Their Foundation to the Year 1911. (Cambridge, Univ. Press, 1912.)

Ward, Mrs. Mary Augusta. England's Effort, Letters to an American Friend. (N. Y., Scribner, 1916.)

7. [§45] Italy.

Borgese, G. A. Italia e Germania. Il Germanesimo.-L'imperatre.-La guerra e l'Italia. (Milano, Fratelli Treves, 1915.)

Dauzat, Albert. L'expansion italienne. (Paris, Charpentier, 1914.)
Dillon, E. J. From the Triple to the Quadruple Alliance; Why Italy
Went to War. (London, Hobbs & Stoughton, 1915.)

King, Bolton, and Thomas Okey. Italy Today. (New and enlarged edn.,
London, 1909.)

8. [$46] Luxemburg.

Renwick, George. Luxemburg: the Grand Duchy and Its People. (N. Y., Scribner, 1913.)

9. [847] Poland.

Gibbons, Herbert Adams. The Reconstruction of Poland and the Near East. (N. Y., Century, 1917.)

Grabowsky, Adolf. Die polnische frage.

(Berlin, Heymann, 1916.)

Hill, Ninian. Poland and the Polish Question, Impressions and Afterthoughts. (London, etc., Allen, 1915.)

Orvis, Julia Swift. A Brief History of Poland. (Boston, etc., Houghton,

Mifflin, 1916.)

Poland's Case for Independence.

tinuance of her national life.

A series of essays illustrating the con(N. Y., Dodd, Mead, 1916.)

10. [$48] Russia.

Alexinsky, Gregor. Russia and the Great War. Trans. by Bernard Miall.

(London, Unwin, 1915.)

(London, Nelson, 1914.)

Baring, Maurice. Mainsprings of Russia. Foulke, William Dudley. Slav or Saxon? A study of the growth and tendencies of Russian civilization. (3rd edn.; N. Y., Putnams, 1904.) Graham, Stephen. Russia and the World. A study of the war and a statement of the world-problems that now confront Russia and Great Britain. (N. Y., Macmillan, 1915.)

Kornilov, Alexander. Modern Russian History. Being an authoritative and detailed history of Russia from the age of Catherine the Great to the present. (2 vols.; N. Y., Knopf, 1916.)

Milyoukov, Paul. Russia and Its Crisis. (Chicago, Univ. of Chicago Press, 1906.)

Stanoyevich, Milivoy S. Russian Foreign Policy in the East.
Oakland, etc., Liberty Publishers, 1916.)

(27 pp.,

Wallace, Sir Donald Mackenzie. Russia. (New and enlarged edn.; N. Y., Holt, 1905.)

Wright, Richardson. The Russians: An Interpretation. (N. Y., Stokes, 1917.)

B. GENERAL CAUSES OF THE WAR.

1. [849] Brief Discussions of the Causes.

See short list in §§32, 33 above.

Hart, Albert Bushnell. "Why the Nations Fight" in World's Work, XXVIII, 11-15. (Sept., 1914.)

Hayes, Carlton. "The War of the Nations" in Political Sci. Quarterly, XXIX. (Dec., 1914.)

Hill, David Jayne. "Europe's Heritage of Evil" in Century, XCIV. (May, 1917.)

Hill, David Jayne. "International Self-Revelations of Guilt," Ibid, XCIV.

(July, 1917.)

Turner, Edward R.

Rev., IX, 16.

"The Causes of the Great War" in Am. Pol. Sci. (Feb., 1915.)

2. [$50] Current Histories of Europe.

See §§17, 29, above.

Cambridge Modern History, Vol. XII. The Latest Age. millan, 1910.)

39

(N. Y., Mac

Hayes, Carlton J. H. A Political and Social History of Modern Europe, Vol. II, 1815-1915. (N. Y., Macmillan, 1916.)

Hazen, Charles Downer. Europe Since 1815. (N. Y., Holt, 1910.) Clear and accurate and very helpful.

Phillips, Walter Alison. Modern Europe, 1815-1899.

ton, 1901.)

(London, Riving

36 pp.

Seignobos, Charles. 1815-1915 from the Congress of Vienna to the War
of 1914. Trans. by P. E. Matheson. (Paris, Colin, 1915.)
Wright, C. H. C. A History of the Third French Republic.
Houghton, Mifflin, 1916.) See also §38 above.

3. [851] British Views of the War.

See §§59, 82 below.

(Boston,

Fisher, H. A. L. The War: Its Causes and Issues. (31 pp.; London, etc.,

Longmans, 1914.)

Grey, Viscount of Fullodon.
Hopes from the Future.
Members of the Oxford Faculty of Modern History. Why We Are at War:
Great Britain's Case-With an appendix of original documents, includ-
ing the authorized English translation of the White Book issued by the
German government. (7th impression-containing the Russian Orange
Book, and extracts from the Belgian Grey Book. Oxford, Clarendon
Press, 1914.)

Why Britain Is in the War and What She
(20 pp.; London, Unwin, 1916.)

Murray (Sir), Gilbert L. Faith, War and Policy. (Boston, Houghton, Mifflin, 1917.)

Rose, J. Holland.

1914.)

How the War Came About. (Patriotic Publishing Co.,

4. [852] French Point of View.

See §43 above.

Daudet, Leon. L'avant-guerre études et documents sur l'espionnage juifallemand en France depuis l'affaire Dreyfus. (Paris, Nouvelle Librarie Nationale, 1913.)

Durkheim, E., and Denis E. Who Wanted War? (Paris, Colin, 1915.) Studies and documents on the war.

Guyot, Yves. The Causes and Consequences of the War.. (London, Hutchinson, 1916.) Trans. by Holt.

Lichtenberger, Henri.

Germany and Its Evolution in Modern Times. Translation of L'Allemagne Moderne: Son Evolution. (N. Y., Holt, 1913.)

5. [853] German Point of View.

See §§59, 60, 62, 79-95, 96 below.

Becker, Carl (Editor). Deutschland und der weltkrieg.

Teubner, 1915.)

(Leipzig, etc.,

Chamberlain, Houston Stewart. Who Is to Blame for the War? (München, Bruckmann, 1915.)

Dernburg, Bernhard. Germany and the War, not a Defense, but an Explanation. (N. Y., The Fatherland, 1915.)

Federn, Karl. The Origin of the War, Facts and Documents. (N. Y., Dillingham, 1915.)

Friedrich, F. Die ursachen des weltkrieges in geschichtlicher beleuchtung. (Leipzig, Teubner, 1915.)

Frobenius, H., Colonel. The German Empire's Hour of Destiny. (N. Y., McBride, Nast, 1914.)

6. [854] Italian Point of View.

Ferrero, Guglielmo. Who Wanted the European War? (Oxford, Clarendon

Press, 1915.)

Low, Sidney J. M.
Tittoni, Tommaso.

Italy in the War. (London, Longmans, Green, 1916.) Le jugement de l'histoire sur la responsible ite de la guerre. (Paris, Blond et Gay, 1915; pages actuelles, Nos. 96-97.) By an Italian statesman.

7. [855] Austro-Hungarian Point of View.

See §73 below.

Andrassy, Comte Jules.

Considerations sur les origines de la guerre.

(Lausanne, La Revue politique internationale, 1915.)

8. [856] American Point of View.

See $178 below.

Adler, Felix. The World Crisis and Its Meaning. (N. Y., Appleton, 1915.) An elaborate analysis of the causes and effects of the war discussing various aspects involved like Imperialism, Nationalism, Social Reform and Ethical Development.

Barron, Clarence W'. The Audacious War. (Houghton, Mifflin.) By an American expert on financial and business matters, who has made a first hand study of conditions in Europe, particularly in relation to finance and trade. Finds in commercial treaties, protective tariffs, and financial ambitions the immediate causes of the war. Beck, James M. The Evidence in the Case. (N. Y., Putnam, 1914.) Searching analysis of the responsibility for the European war, by an eminent lawyer, formerly assistant attorney-general of the United States. Beck, James M. "In the Supreme Court of Civilization," in New York Times Current History, I, 413-430. (Jan. 9, 1915.)

Beveridge, Albert J. What Is Back of the War. (Indianapolis, BobbsMerrill, 1915.) Former Senator of the United States: personal. impressions on the ground in the early part of the war.

(N. Y.,

Chitwood, Oliver P. The Immediate Causes of the Great War.
Crowell, 1917.) Outline of the outbreak of the war.
Coudert, Frederic R., and others. Why Europe Is at War: the Question
Considered from the Points of View of France, England, Germany,
Japan, and the United States. (N. Y., Putnam, 1915.)

Eliot, C. W. "Probable Causes," "Stout and Warlike Breed," "Why Is
America Anti-German?" "Germany a World Empire," "Hopeful Road to
Peace," in New York Times Current History, I, 473-501. (Jan. 9, 1915.)
Fullerton, George Stewart. Why the German Nation Has Gone to War.
An American to Americans. (München, Sachs, 1915.)

Hart, A. B. The War in Europe: Its Causes and Results. (N. Y., Appleton, 1914.)

Hart. "Why the Nations Fight," in World's Work, XXVIII, 9-15. (Sept., 1914.) With good maps.

Repplier, Agnes. "Comments on Herr Zelbrück's Distortion of Facts," in Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 115, pp. 426-428. (Mar., 1915.)

Roosevelt, T. America and the World War. (N. Y., Scribner, 1916.) Thayer, Wm. Roscoe. Germany vs. Civilization. (Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1916.) Compares despotism and democracy. Very unfavorable to Germany.

C.

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION.

See short list in §§33, 34 above, §157 below.

§§54-60]

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION

41

Johnston, Sir Harry Hamilton. Common Sense in Foreign Policy. (Lon. don, Smith, Elder, 1913.)

Millet, René. Notre politique exterieure de 1898 a 1905.

1905.)

(Paris, Juven,

Redlich, O. Ueber die vorgeschichte des krieges. (Wien, Hölzel.) Reynolds, Francis J., and Others (Editors). The Story of the Great War. (5 vols. pub.; N. Y., Collier, 1916.)

Rose, J. Holland.

The Origins of the War, 1871-1914. (N. Y., Putnam,

1915.)

2. [858] Balance of Power.

See §50 above, §§61-63 below.

Brailsford, H. N. "Germany and the Balance of Power," in Contemporary Review. (July, 1912.)

Charmes, F., and others. Les questions actuelles de politique étrangère en Europe. (Paris, Alcan, 1911.)

Fullerton, Wm. Morton. Problems of Power, a Study of International Politics from Sadowa to Kirk-Kilisse. (N. Y., Scribner, 1913.) A newspaper reporter's racy account of the diplomatic events of the period before the war.

Hanotaux, Gabriel. La politique de l'equilibre, 1907-1911. Etudes diplomatiques I. (Paris, Plon-Nourrit, 1914.)

Leroy-Beaulieu, Paul. De la colonisation chez les peuples modernes. (Paris, Alcan, 1908.)

Phillips, Walter A. "Balance of Power," in Encyclopaedia Britannica, (11th ed., III, 235; N. Y., 1910.)

3. [§59] Triple Alliance and Triple Entente.

See §50 above, §62 below.

Barker, J. Ellis. "The Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance," in Nineteenth Century and After, LXIV, 1-17. (July, 1908.)

Doerkes-Boppard, Wilhelm N. Das ende des dreibundes. Nach diplomatischen aktenstücken und quellen. (Berlin, Mittler, 1916.)

Fife, Robert H., Jr. "Italy and the Triple Alliance," in North American Review, Vol. 200. (Oct., 1914.)

Helfferich, Karl. Die entstehung des weltkrieges im lichte der veröffentlichungen der dreiverbandmächte. (Berlin, Stilke, 1915.)

Ogden, Rollo. "The Alliances That Made the War," in World's Work, XXVIII. (Sept., 1914.)

Jarsieu, Anovoe Ficvee, G. A. France and the Alliance. (N. Y., Macmil

lan, 1908.)

"Triple Alliance" in Am. Year Book, 1915, pp. 95-106.

Italy, etc.

Diplomacy with

4. [860] Germany and France in Morocco.

See 8862, 64 below.

Arning, Wilhelm. Marokko-Kongo. (Leipzig, Wigand, 1912.)

Bérard, Victor. L'affaire marocaine. (Paris, Colin, 1906.)

Bracq, Jean Charlemagne. The Provocation of France-Fifty Years of

German Aggression.

(N. Y., Oxford Univ. Press, 1916.)

Gibbons, Herbert Adam. The New Map of Africa (1900-1916). A history of European colonial expansion and colonial diplomacy. Century, 1916.)

(N. Y.,

Johnston, Sir Harry H. "The Aftermath of Agadir," in Nineteenth Century and After. (Jan., 1912.)

Morel, Edmund Deville. Morocco in Diplomacy. (London, Smtih, Elder, 1912.)

Tardieu, Andre. Le mystère d'Agadir. (Paris, Calmann-Lévy, 1912.) Tardieu, Andre. La conférence d'Algésiras: histoire diplomatique de la crise marocaine. (15 Janvier, 7 Avril, 1906; 10th edn.; Paris, Alcan,