i

Make Cape Breton-islands of ice-their origin and

magnitude-Banks of Newfoundland-gulf stream

-cause of the hazy weather generally found on

the Banks of Newfoundland-Bankers

LETTER III.

-

Gulf of St. Lawrence-Cape Breton-a short ac-

count of it-Magdalene islands-Island of Anti-

costi-Mouth of the St. Lawrence-country on

each side of the river-mountains-principles for

ascertaining their height-Labrador shore-Seven

Islands-King's posts-a battle between a whale,

a thresher, and a sword fish

LETTER IV.

Discovery of Canada, by Jaques Cartier-burning
woods-visited by Indians-Islands of Bique, Ка-
mouraska, &c.-the Traverse-Island of Orleans

9

18

-Bason of Quebec, and surrounding scenery
arrive at Quebec

LETTER V.

The river St. Lawrence a fine approach to America

-why-observations on theoriginal colonization of

Canada-intrusted by the French king to private

individuals-original discovery of Quebec-taken

by the English in 1629, restored 1632

LETTER VI.

-

Samuel de Champlain founder of Quebec-advan-

tages of its situation-Cape Diamond - Site of

Quebec-Upper and Lower Town described-be-

sieged by the Americans in 1775-death of Mont-

gomery-present population of Quebec-objects

of curiosity-arsenals-nunneries-Roman catho-

lic and protestant clergy-how supported-tythes

-fortifications of Quebec-Plains of Abraham-

death of Wolfe-views of the surrounding coun-

try-Cape Diamond-why so named

LETTER VII.

River St. Lawrence-extent of the ship navigation

-its communication with the interior-situation

of Quebec renders it the key of the St. Law-

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31

41

47

69

1

knowledge-division of Canada into two pro-
vinces-very impolitic-their union easy

LETTER IX.

-

Falls on the River Chaudiere-travelling in the

woods very difficult-not so to the Indians and

voyageurs-why-delirium the effect of being lost

in the woods-illustrated by examples-River

Chaudiere-description of the Fall-the Fall of

Montmorency-description thereof-comparison

between the Montmorency and Chaudiere

LETTER X.

Influence of the Canadians in the legislature-
French language used in the House of Assembly-
Le Canadien, a French newspaper-observations
upon the conduct of the managers thereof-the
effects of conquest-Canadians, by the articles of
capitulation, not granted their old laws-proved by
a review of the articles of capitulation-bad effects
of an improper administration of justice, illus-
trated by examples in Canada, no bankrupt laws

-consequences thereof

LETTER XI.

Travelling in Canada-the caleshes-the auberges-
Canadian politeness conspicuous-manners of the
people-appearance of the country-road from
Quebec to Montreal-the seigneuries and conces-
sions-rivers which fall into the St. Lawrence-
Canadian farming-St. John's fort-Lake Cham-
plain-Canadian farmers-in general poor-cause

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87

100

of their poverty-the law making marriage a co-
partnership, and creating a communité de bien

LETTER XII.

Montreal-situation-Island of Montreal-surround-

ing country-Lake St. Peter's-markets of Mon-

treal well supplied-La Chine-arrival and de-

parture of the North-west canoes-the canoe de-

scribed-the North-West Company-their origin

-Canadian voyageurs-Upper Canada trade from

Montreal-bateaux-Indians of different nations

-remarks on them

-

-

LETTER XIII.

Page

124

144

Population of Canada-Upper and Lower Canada

-reasons for a greater increase of population in

Upper than in Lower Canada-Upper Canada pre-

ferred by emigrants-why-general idea of the

trade of Canada-statement of exports on an aver-

age of five years-presents to the Indians-how

far advisable that they should be continued

164

LETTER XIV.

Canadian trade with the United States-statement

of imports from America, by way of St. John's,

in 1806-exports by way of St. John's-balance of

trade against Canada-paid in specie-business of

exchange considered-currency of Canada-go-

vernment bills-treaty with America-advantages

not reciprocal-American trade with India-its

effects on the trade of Canada with Britain disad-

vantageous

179