Afro-Latin America, 1800-2000Oxford University Press, 2004 - 284 من الصفحات While the rise and abolition of slavery and ongoing race relations are central themes of the history of the United States, the African diaspora actually had a far greater impact on Latin and Central America. More than ten times as many Africans came to Spanish and Portuguese America as the United States. In this, the first history of the African diaspora in Latin America from emancipation to the present, George Reid Andrews deftly synthesizes the history of people of African descent in every Latin American country from Mexico and the Caribbean to Argentina. He examines how African peooples and their descendants made their way from slavery to freedom and how they helped shape and responded to political, economic, and cultural changes in their societies. Individually and collectively they pursued the goals of freedom, equality, and citizenship through military service, political parties, civic organizations, labor unions, religious activity, and other avenues. Spanning two centuries, this tour de force should be read by anyone interested in Latin American history, the history of slavery, and the African diaspora, as well as the future of Latin America. |
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... Spanish law made it quite clear that neither slaves nor free blacks were the legal equals of whites . But subordination did not mean a complete absence of rights , and slaves repeatedly invoked the concept and even the terminology of ...
... Spanish Cortes produced Spain's first written constitution . That constitution granted citizenship to American - born whites , Indians , and mestizos but explicitly denied it to Americans " who on either side [ maternal or paternal ] ...
George Reid Andrews. This was late in the game , however , for Spain to be reversing course . By the 1880s and 1890s caste legislation had lasted 70 to 80 years longer in Cuba and Puerto Rico than in the rest of Spanish America and had ...