Afro-Latin America, 1800-2000Oxford University Press, 2004 - 284 من الصفحات While the rise and abolition of slavery and ongoing race relations are central themes of the history of the United States, the African diaspora actually had a far greater impact on Latin and Central America. More than ten times as many Africans came to Spanish and Portuguese America as the United States. In this, the first history of the African diaspora in Latin America from emancipation to the present, George Reid Andrews deftly synthesizes the history of people of African descent in every Latin American country from Mexico and the Caribbean to Argentina. He examines how African peooples and their descendants made their way from slavery to freedom and how they helped shape and responded to political, economic, and cultural changes in their societies. Individually and collectively they pursued the goals of freedom, equality, and citizenship through military service, political parties, civic organizations, labor unions, religious activity, and other avenues. Spanning two centuries, this tour de force should be read by anyone interested in Latin American history, the history of slavery, and the African diaspora, as well as the future of Latin America. |
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... labor demands , and , most destructive of all , new European diseases to which the Indians had no inherited immunities . In Brazil , one - third of the Indi- ans living in Jesuit missions in the sugar zones died of smallpox and measles ...
... labor in these communally owned mines emerges clearly in the Colombian census of 1867 , in which almost half the region's miners were female.68 Family labor was retained for use on family land . And while field labor contin- ued to be ...
... labor mobilization continued unabated during the years of the export boom . Though immigrant activists predominated in São Paulo and the southern . states of Brazil , Afro - Brazilians played an important role in the labor movement in ...