Roma and Egyptians in Albania : from social exclusion to social inclusion
This report provides key insights into the social exclusion processes that affect Roma and Egyptian communities in Albania - two of the most vulnerable minority communities in Albania. It offers advice on the design of concrete actions to facilitate the inclusion of Roma and Egyptian communities into Albanian society, and also includes feedback from the Roma and Egyptian communities on the study findings and recommendations. Roma and Egyptians in Albania includes supporting data collected via participatory methodologies conducted in eleven study sites to investigate the socio-economic, cultural, institutional, and historical situation of Roma and Egyptian communities across Albania. The report's proposed public policies and strategies on minority, poverty, and social exclusion issues have been endorsed by the Roma and Egyptian communities
World Bank working paper, no. 53
1 online resource (xlii, 267 pages) : illustrations, maps
9780821361719, 9781417589548, 9780821361726, 9786610116300, 9781280116308, 0821361716, 141758954X, 0821361724, 661011630X, 1280116307
70724150
A Roma Folk-Tale: The Cup of Gold Coins
Objectives of the Study
Albanian Roma in a Regional Perspective
Historical Background
Methodology
Findings
Summary of Short-Term and Most Urgent Policy Recommendations
Objectives and Methodology
Historical Background: The Diversity of Roma and Egyptians
The Origins of Roma and Egyptians
A Brief History of Albania
The Interwar Period
World War II
The Socialist Era
Transition
Culture
Language
Expressions of Culture and Identity
Family Ceremonies
The Roma Fis
Specific Roles of the Fis Leader
Changes in the Social Organization of the Roma Fis over Time
Marriage and Family Planning
Formal and Informal Family-Planning Education
Effects of Early Marriage and Childbearing
Increasing Divorce Rates
Income and Living Standards
Household Income
Household Expenditures
Living Conditions
Infrastructure
Health and Health Care
Education
Decreasing Education Levels
Barriers to Education
Parents' Suggestions for Improving Education for Roma Children
The Labor Market
Traditional Socio-Occupational Identities
Forms of Formal Labor
Forms of Informal Labor
Migration and Remmittances
Origins of International Migration
Host Countries and Regions
Forms of International Migration
Effects of International Migration
Prostitution and Trafficking
Prostitution
Causes of Prostitution
The Effects of Prostitution: Remittances and Social and Economic Costs
Trafficking of Children
Trafficking of Drugs
Social Capital
Cognitive Social Capital: Trust and Solidarity
Structural Social Capital
Implications of Social Capital
Social Exclusion
Albanian Roma Within a Regional Perspective
Summary of Findings
Causes of Social Exclusion Identified by Roma and Egyptians
Definitions of Relative Poverty
Factors Contributing to Uncertainty and Vulnerability
Perceptions of Roma and Egyptians about Discrimination
Perceptions of Albanians about Roma and Egyptians
Ways of Addressing Social Exclusion According to Roma and Egyptians
Social Inclusion: Recommendations and Policy Implications
Access to Public Goods and Services
Market Opportunities and Employment
Access to the Justice System
Access to Information
Safety and Security of Livelihoods
Social Capital, Voice, and Participation
Roma Cultural Centers as a Means for Social Inclusion
Summary of Short-Term and Most Urgent Policy Recommendations
Working Definitions
Questionnaire on Needs Assessment of Roma and Egyptian Communities in Albania
Focus Group Discussions
Statistical Data, Tables, Graphs, and Flowcharts
More Voices of Albania
Selected Albanian Roma and Egyptian NGOs and Contact Information
The Patrilineal Kinship Structure of One Roma Fis
National Minorities in Albania
"The List"
Community Profiles
From Social Exclusion to Social Inclusion
Analytical Framework
Conference Agenda
Dissemination Conference Material
Materials Used in Desk Review
From Social Exclusion to Social Inclusion-Analytical Framework
Distribution of Identified Poverty Categories among Roma, Egyptians, and Albanians
Characteristics that Distinguish Roma or Egyptian Culture from Albanian Culture
Illiteracy Rates for Roma and Egyptians, by Gender and Age Group
Employment Sectors during Socialism for Roma, By Gender
Employment Sectors during Socialism for Egyptians, By Gender
Host Countries to Which Roma and Egyptians Migrate
Informal Labor Sectors for Roma and Egyptians Migrating Abroad
Trust of Roma and Egyptians in Their Neighbors
Trust of the Roma and Egyptian Communities in Roma and Egyptian Associations
Distribution of Identified Poverty Categories among Roma, Egyptians, and Albanians
Levels of Discrimination Experienced by Roma, According to District
Levels of Discrimination Experienced by Egyptians, According to District
Education Structure for Roma, by Gender and Age Group
Education Structure for Egyptians, by Gender and Age Group
Reasons Why Children Do Not Go to School
Main Employment Sectors for Roma and Egyptians During Transition
International Migration of Egyptians by District
International Migration of Roma by District
Informal Labor Sectors for International Migrating Roma Fise
Migration and Remittances as Poverty Trap
Prostitution as a Downward Spiral into Poverty
Children Are Obligated to Beg for Their Family, Roma, and Egyptians by District
Distribution of Roma Population 1991-94 (thousands)
Estimated Population of Albanian Roma and Egyptians, by District
From Social Exclusion to Social Inclusion Matrix of Exclusion Manifestations and Recommendations for Inclusion Policies and Actions
Summary of Short-Term and Most Urgent Policy Recommendations
Marriage Ages for Roma, Egyptians, and Total Albanian Population during Transition
Ages of Roma and Egyptians at Birth of Their First Child
Average Roma and Egyptian Family Sizes, by Zone
Average Income through State Assistance for Roma and Egyptian Households (in percentages)
Average Monthly Household Expenditures for Roma and Egyptians (in US$)
Surface Area of Homes, by Ethnicity
Type of Appliance/Furnishing Available to Roma and Egyptians, by Amount (quantity), and Ownership (percentage)
Illiteracy Rates and School Years Completed for Roma and Egyptians Ages 7-20, by District
Length and Cost for Initial Trave
The Role of Financial and Social Capital in the Different Stages of International Migration
Daily Income of Trafficked Children
Distribution of Roma Population 1991-94 (thousands)
Self-Assessment of Family's Socioeconomic Conditions
Albanian Perceptions of Roma/Egyptians
Summary of Short-Term and Most Urgent Policy Recommendations
Monthly Income for Roma and Egyptian Households (US$), by Source
Surface Area of Homes, Total and Per Capita for Roma and Egyptians
Illiteracy Rate and School Years Completed, by Age Group and Roma Fis
Unemployment Rate Among Roma, Egyptians, and Total Population of Albania By Districts
Structural Changes, Effects on Employment, and Impacts on Roma and Egyptians Over Time
International Migration Rates per Districts
Methods of Sending Earnings Home from Abroad
Electronic reproduction, [Place of publication not identified], HathiTrust Digital Library, 2010
English
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